General information about using oxygen.

 

                                                               

What kinds of oxygen systems are there? The oxygen system that is right for you depends on the amount of oxygen you use and how active you are. Oxygen can be supplied in liquid form, in compressed gas form, or from an oxygen concentrator.

• Liquid oxygen: Liquid oxygen is kept very cold in an insulated container. Liquid oxygen warms and turns into a breathable gas when it is released from the container. Liquid oxygen takes up less space than compressed oxygen, so it is more portable. You can refill small, lightweight liquid oxygen tanks from a big tank kept in your home. Liquid oxygen may cost more than other oxygen systems. Your liquid oxygen supply may not last as long as compressed oxygen because it can evaporate. Liquid oxygen is very cold and may burn your skin if it spills. Keep your liquid oxygen container in an upright position. Secure the container when you travel so that it does not tip.

• Compressed oxygen: Oxygen is often supplied in a metal cylinder under pressure. This compressed oxygen does not need electrical power to operate like an oxygen concentrator does. Compressed oxygen cylinders are heavier than liquid oxygen containers. Small cylinders and wheeled carts are available so that you can move around while using compressed oxygen. The stem of a compressed oxygen cylinder must be protected from damage. Cylinders should always be stored in an upright position and secured so that they do not fall over.

• Oxygen concentrator: An oxygen concentrator is an electric machine that takes oxygen out of the air and stores it. You must have a backup cylinder of oxygen with you at all times in case there is a power failure. Let your electric company know that you have electrically-powered medical equipment. They will put you on a priority list so that you get your power back quickly if it goes out.

What kinds of oxygen delivery devices are available? Your oxygen can be given to you through a variety of ways. The most common ways to deliver oxygen to people at home include:

• Nasal cannula: A nasal cannula is made of lightweight, flexible plastic tubing. One end attaches to the oxygen source. The other end has two curved prongs that fit just inside your nostrils. Place one prong in each nostril. Position the prongs so that their curve directs the oxygen toward your airway (curve downward towards your mouth). The tubing can be held in place by looping it around your ears, or attaching it to your eye glasses. Wash your nasal prongs with soap and water twice a week. Replace your nasal cannula and tubing once a month, or more often if needed.

• Oxygen mask: An oxygen mask is attached to the oxygen supply by plastic tubing. The oxygen comes through the tube and fills the mask. A mask covers your nose and mouth, which allows you to breathe through either one and still get oxygen. It is usually held in place by an elastic strap that rests above your ears. You may need to use an oxygen mask if you are on a high flow rate of oxygen. You may need to use a mask for a short time if your nose gets too dry. You may need to use a mask if you have a stuffy nose, or while you sleep. Clean the mask with soap and warm water. Replace the mask once every two to four weeks.

• Transtracheal oxygen: Transtracheal (trans-TRAY-kee-al) oxygen is given through a small flexible plastic catheter. It is put directly into the trachea (windpipe) through an opening in the neck. A necklace holds the catheter in place. Your caregiver will teach you how to care for your transtracheal oxygen catheter.

What do I need to know about using and maintaining oxygen equipment? It is important that you learn how to use your oxygen system safely and effectively. Ask your oxygen supply company for more information about caring for your equipment. Here are some basic things you need to know about oxygen therapy and equipment.

• Contents indicator or pressure gauge: This tells you how much oxygen is left in the container. It is important to keep track of how much oxygen you have left so that you do not run out. Order your new supply of oxygen two to three days before you will need it, or when the gauge reads one-quarter full.

• Flow meter: This controls the rate (how fast) the oxygen comes out of the container. The flow rate of oxygen is usually measured in liters per minute (LPM). Set the flow meter so that you receive the amount of oxygen per minute that your caregiver has prescribed for you. Some flow meters use a needle or numbered dial. Some flow meters use a ball that rises as you increase the oxygen flow. Look at the center of the ball when measuring your oxygen flow rate. Never change the flow rate on your oxygen without your caregiver's OK. Too much oxygen may be dangerous for people with certain medical conditions.

• If you think that oxygen is not coming through the tubing:

  • Check for oxygen flow by holding your mask or cannula up to your ear and listening for air flow. If you have a nasal cannula, you can dip the prongs in a glass of water. If the water bubbles, there is oxygen coming through the tubing.

  • Check your pressure gauge or contents indicator to make sure there is still oxygen in the container.

  • If you use an oxygen concentrator, make sure it is turned on and plugged in.

  • If you use a cylinder, make sure the valve is open. The pressure gauge may have a reading even if the valve is shut off.

  • Look for kinks, blockages, or water in the tubing. Make sure the tubing is still connected to the oxygen source.